Checkpoint
1. Vocabulary List
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ๆฐๆใก๏ผใใใก๏ผ | kimochi | Feeling / Emotion |
| ๅนธใ๏ผใใใใ๏ผ | shiawase | Happiness / Happy |
| ๆฒใใ๏ผใใชใใ๏ผ | kanashii | Sad |
| ๆใ๏ผใใใ๏ผ | okoru | To get angry |
| ๆณฃใ๏ผใชใ๏ผ | naku | To cry |
| ๆฅใใใใ๏ผใฏใใใใ๏ผ | hazukashii | Embarrassed |
| ใใฉใใทใฅใซใผใ | furasshu kaado | Flashcard |
| ใพใใ | manga | Manga / Comic |
2. Grammar & Sentences
Onomatopoeia + ใใ โ Turning Feelings into Verbs
ใใใใ and other onomatopoeia are nouns โ add ใใ to make them verbs.
- ้ป่ปใๆฅใชใใใใใใใใใใพใใ(Densha ga konai kara, iraira shimasu.) โ Because the train isn't coming, I am irritated.
- ใใฉใใทใฅใซใผใใไฝใฃใใใใฉใใฉใๆผขๅญใๅใใใพใใใ(Furasshukฤdo wo tsukuttara, dondon kanji ga wakarimasu yo.) โ If you make flashcards, you will understand more and more kanji.
ใใใ + ใฉใใฉใ + ใใใใใใพใใ โ Conditional Possibility
Pattern: [condition]ใใใใฉใใฉใใใใใใใพใใ
- ๅฅฝใใชใพใใใ่ฆใคใใใใใฉใใฉใๆฅๆฌ่ชใ่ชญใใใใใใใพใใใ(Suki na manga wo mitsuketa ra, dondon nihongo ga yomeru kamoshiremasen.) โ If you find a manga you like, you might be able to read more and more Japanese.
- ใใใกใใใใชใใฃใใใๆฅๆฌ่ชใใบใใบใ่ฉฑใใใใใใใพใใใ(Kinchou shinakattara, nihongo ga perapera hanaseru kamoshiremasen.) โ If you don't get nervous, you might be able to speak Japanese fluently.
Note: ่ชญใใ is the potential form of ่ชญใ. ใใชใ is the negative form of ใใ.
ใใใใงใ โ Expressing Impressions (i-adjectives)
Rule: Drop ใ from the i-adjective, then add ใใใงใ.
| i-adjective | ใใใงใ form | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ๆฅฝใใ | ๆฅฝใใใใงใ | Looks fun / happy |
| ๅฌใใ | ๅฌใใใใงใ | Looks glad |
| ๆฅใใใใ | ๆฅใใใใใใงใ | Looks embarrassed |
| ๆฒใใ | ๆฒใใใใงใ | Looks sad |
- ใใใฟใใใฏๆฅฝใใใใงใใ(Kasumi-san wa tanoshisou desu.) โ Kasumi looks like she is having fun.
- ใใใใใๅฌใใใใงใใญใไฝใใใใพใใใใ(Mei-san, ureshisou desu ne. Nani ga arimashita ka.) โ Mei, you look glad. What happened?
- ใชใฟใใใฏๆฅใใใใใใงใใใใพใ่ฉฑใใพใใใ(Nami-san wa hazukashisou desu. Amari hanashimasen.) โ Nami looks embarrassed. She does not talk a lot.
- ใฏใใจใใใฏใใฎใๅนธใใใใงใใใใงใไปๆฅใฏใใชใใใใงใใ(Haruto-san wa kinou shiawasesou deshita. Demo kyou wa kanashisou desu.) โ Haruto looked happy yesterday. But he looks sad today.
ใฏ for Comparison / Contrast
When comparing two things, use ใฏ for both subjects.
- ใใใฏๅฅฝใใงใใใซใใฏๅฅฝใใใใชใใงใใ(Sushi wa suki desu. Niku wa suki janai desu.) โ I like sushi. I don't like meat.
- ่ตฐใใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใใใงใใๆณณใใฎใฏไธๆใงใใ(Hashiru no wa suki desu. Demo, oyogu no wa heta desu.) โ I like running. But I am bad at swimming.
- ๆฅๆฌ่ชใฏ่ฉฑใใพใใใงใๆผขๅญใฏๆธใใพใใใ(Nihongo wa hanasemasu. Demo kanji wa kakemasen.) โ I can speak Japanese. But I can't write kanji.
ใ with Preferences, Skills & Abilities
- ใตใใซใผใไธๆใงใใ(Sakkaa ga jouzu desu.) โ I am good at football.
- ๅ็ใๅฅฝใใงใใ(Shashin ga suki desu.) โ I like photography.
- ใใในใใงใใพใใ(Tenisu ga dekimasu.) โ I can play tennis.
- ใฉใใใใใงใใใโ ้ ญใใใใใใงใใ(Doushitan desu ka. โ Atama ga itain desu.) โ What's wrong? โ I have a headache.
- ๆฌใใใใพใใ(Hon ga arimasu.) โ There is a book.
Emotion Kanji
| Kanji | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ๆ | ใใใ (okoru) | Angry |
| ๆฒ | ใใชใใ (kanashii) | Sad |
| ๆณฃ | ใชใ (naku) | Cry |
| ๆฅ | ใฏใใใใ (hazukashii) | Embarrassed |
| ๅนธ | ใใใใ (shiawase) | Happy |
3. Learning Context
- Checkpoint scope: Reviews all of Chapter 2 โ onomatopoeia, ใใใ conditionals, ใใใใงใ impressions, ใฏ vs ใ, and emotion kanji.
- Key distinction for ใใใใงใ: Only for i-adjectives โ drop the final ใ, then add ใใใงใ. Do not confuse with the hearsay ใใใงใ (used with plain form).
- Particle summary: ใ locks to ๅฅฝใ / ไธๆ / ใงใใพใ / ใใใพใ / pain expressions. ใฏ signals topic or contrast.
4. Progress Tracker
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Current Level | Intermediate B1 |
| Chapter / Topic | Chapter 2: Impressions โ Checkpoint |
| Completion | 100% โ Chapter 2 complete |
| Latest Performance | 95% score (+10 Stars) |