Checkpoint
1. Vocabulary List
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ใใใชใใฒใจ / ็ฅ๏ผใ๏ผใใชใไบบ | shiranai hito | stranger |
| ใใก | tachi | plural suffix for people nouns |
| ใณใกใณใ | komento | comment |
| ใฉใใ / ๅ็ป๏ผใฉใใ๏ผ | douga | video |
| ใใ / ๆผ๏ผใ๏ผใ | osu | to press; to push |
| ใใคใใ / ้๏ผใใค๏ผใใ | atsumeru | to collect |
| ใซใ ใใใใซใผใ / ๅ ฅๅฝ๏ผใซใ ใใใ๏ผใซใผใ | nyuukoku kaado | arrival / immigration card |
| ใจใชใ | tonari | next to; neighboring |
| ใใใ / ๅบงๅธญ๏ผใใใ๏ผ | zaseki | seat |
| ใใ / ่ฒธ๏ผใ๏ผใ | kasu | to lend |
| ใใใใ / ๆ็๏ผใใใใ๏ผ | ryouri | cooking; food |
| ใใใ / ๆด๏ผใใ๏ผใ | arau | to wash |
| ใใ / ็ฟ๏ผใใ๏ผ | sara | plate; dish |
| ใชใใ / ็ด๏ผใชใ๏ผใ | naosu | to fix; to repair |
| ใใใใ / ๅฃ๏ผใใ๏ผใใ | kowareta | broken |
| ใใ ใใฎ / ๆ็ฉ๏ผใใ ใใฎ๏ผ | kudamono | fruit |
| ใฟใใ / ่ฆ๏ผใฟ๏ผใใ | miseru | to show |
| ใใใใ / ่กใๆน๏ผใใใใ๏ผ | ikikata | how to get there; directions |
2. Grammar & Sentences
Three-Way Favour System โ Summary:
| Form | Who does the favour | Direction |
|---|---|---|
| ใฆใใใ | Speaker โ other person | "I do for you/them" |
| ใฆใใใ | Other person โ speaker | "They do for me" |
| ใฆใใใ | Speaker receives from other | "I get someone to do" (doer marked by ใซ) |
Pattern Rule:
(็ง)ใฏ (ไบบ)ใซ + ใฆใใใโ I do favour for someone(ไบบ)ใฏ (็ง)ใซ + ใฆใใใโ someone does favour for me
ใฆใใใ Examples:
- ็งใฏ็ฅใใชใไบบใใกใฎๅ็ใใจใฃใฆใใใพใใใ(Watashi wa shiranai hitotachi no shashin o totte agemashita.) โ "I took a photo for strangers."
- ็งใฏๅ ฅๅฝใซใผใใๆธใใใจใใใจใชใใฎๅบงๅธญใฎไบบใซใใณใ่ฒธใใฆใใใพใใใ(Watashi wa nyuukoku kaado o kaita toki, tonari no zaseki no hito ni pen o kashite agemashita.) โ "When I filled in the arrival card, I lent a pen to the person in the seat next to me."
- ๅฎถๆใฎๅ็ใ่ฆใใฆใใใพใใ(Kazoku no shashin o misete agemasu.) โ "I'll show you a photo of my family."
- ็งใฏๆฏใๆไผ๏ผใฆใคใ ๏ผใฃใฆใใใพใใใ(Watashi wa haha o tetsudatte agemashita.) โ "I helped my mother."
ใฆใใใ Examples:
- ๅ ๏ผใใซ๏ผใฏ็งใซใใขใใๆใใฆใใใพใใใ(Ani wa watashi ni piano o oshiete kuremashita.) โ "My older brother taught me piano."
- ๅใ ใกใฏใใฎๆผขๅญ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใฒใใใชใงๆธใใฆใใใพใใใ(Tomodachi wa sono kanji o hiragana de kaite kuremashita.) โ "My friend wrote that kanji in hiragana (for me)."
- ๅใใกใฏ็งใฎๅ็ใซใณใกใณใใๆธใใฆใใใพใใ(Tomotachi wa watashi no shashin ni komento o kaite kuremasu.) โ "My friends write comments on my photos."
- ใใใใใฎๅใ ใกใฏใใใใญ๏ผใใใฟใณใๆผ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆใใใพใใ(Takusan no tomodachi wa "iine!" botan o oshite kuremasu.) โ "A lot of my friends press the 'like' button (as a favour)."
- ๅฎถๆใฏ็งใฎๅ็ปใ่ฆใฆใใใพใใ(Kazoku wa watashi no douga o mite kuremasu.) โ "My family will have a look at my videos (for me)."
ใฆใใใ Examples:
- ็งใฏ็ฅใใชใไบบใซ้ง ใใใใใซใพใงใฎ่กใๆนใๆใใฆใใใใพใใใ(Watashi wa shiranai hito ni eki kara hoteru made no ikikata o oshiete moraimashita.) โ "I got a stranger to tell me how to go from the station to the hotel."
- ็งใฏๅบ๏ผใฟใ๏ผใฎไบบใซใใใใในใใใใชใใใฆใใใใพใใใ(Watashi wa mise no hito ni kowareta sumaho o naoshite moraimashita.) โ "I got the person in the shop to fix the broken smartphone."
- Note: The person performing the action is marked by ใซ.
Chained Favour Sentences (ใใใใพใใใใใใใใใพใใ):
- ๅ ใฏ็งใซๆ็ใใฆใใใพใใใใใ็งใฏใใใๆดใฃใฆใใใพใใใ(Ani wa watashi ni ryouri shite kuremashita kara, watashi wa sara o aratte agemashita.) โ "Because my older brother cooked for me, I washed the dishes."
- ใ็ถใฏ็งใซใใใใใใ ็ฉใ่ฒทใฃใฆใใใพใใใใใ็งใฏๅฎถๆใซใฑใผใญใไฝใฃใฆใใใพใใใ(Sofu wa watashi ni takusan kudamono o katte kuremashita kara, watashi wa kazoku ni keeki o tsukutte agemashita.) โ "Because my grandpa bought me a lot of fruit, I made a cake for my family."
- ็งใฏๅใ ใกใฎๅ็ปใซใณใกใณใใๆธใใฆใใใพใใใๅใ ใกใฏ็งใฎใณใกใณใใซใใใใญ๏ผใใใฟใณใๆผใใฆใใใพใใใ(Watashi wa tomodachi no douga ni komento o kaite agemashita. Tomodachi wa watashi no komento ni "iine!" botan o oshite kuremashita.) โ "I wrote a comment on my friend's video. My friend 'liked' my comment."
Grammar Note โ ใใก: Add ใใก after nouns referring to people to make the word plural.
- ไบบ โ ไบบใใกใๅใ ใก โ ๅใ ใกใใก
3. Learning Context
- Lesson Type: Chapter 7 Checkpoint
- Focus: Distinguishing ใฆใใใ / ใฆใใใ / ใฆใใใ in real-life situations
- Key Rule: In ใใใ sentences, the person who performs the action is followed by ใซ (not ใ or ใฏ)
- Chain Pattern: ใใฆใใใพใใใใใใใฆใใใพใใ โ used to describe reciprocal favours
4. Progress Tracker
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Current Level | B1 Intermediate |
| Chapter / Topic | Chapter 7: Services |
| Completion | Section 7 of Chapter 7 (Checkpoint) |
| Latest Performance | 85% (+10 stars) |