๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต ja-learning

Forming nouns from adjectives

1. Vocabulary List

JapaneseRomajiEnglish
ไธ€ๅบฆ๏ผˆใ„ใกใฉ๏ผ‰ichidoOnce / One time
ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚๏ผˆใ„ใกใฉใ‚‚๏ผ‰ichido moNot even once (with negative)
ๅฏŒๅฃซๅฑฑ๏ผˆใตใ˜ใ•ใ‚“๏ผ‰FujisanMt. Fuji
็™ปใ‚‹๏ผˆใฎใผใ‚‹๏ผ‰noboruTo climb
็€็‰ฉ๏ผˆใใ‚‚ใฎ๏ผ‰kimonoKimono
็€ใ‚‹๏ผˆใใ‚‹๏ผ‰kiruTo wear
ไน—ใ‚‹๏ผˆใฎใ‚‹๏ผ‰noruTo ride / To get on
ๆธฉๆณ‰๏ผˆใŠใ‚“ใ›ใ‚“๏ผ‰onsenHot spring
ๅ…ฅใ‚‹๏ผˆใฏใ„ใ‚‹๏ผ‰hairuTo enter / To get in
ๆญŒ่ˆžไผŽ๏ผˆใ‹ใถใ๏ผ‰kabukiKabuki (traditional theatre)
่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผˆใฟใ‚‹๏ผ‰miruTo see / To watch
ใ™ใ—sushiSushi
้ฃŸในใ‚‹๏ผˆใŸในใ‚‹๏ผ‰taberuTo eat
ๆ—ฅๆœฌ้…’๏ผˆใซใปใ‚“ใ—ใ‚…๏ผ‰nihonshuSake / Japanese rice wine
้ฃฒใ‚€๏ผˆใฎใ‚€๏ผ‰nomuTo drink

2. Grammar & Sentences

ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ โ€” Have Ever Done (Past Experience)

Structure: Verb (plain past / ใŸ form) + ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™

Use this pattern to say you have (or have never) done something before. The verb goes into the plain past (ใŸ) form.

  • ๅฏŒๅฃซๅฑฑใซ็™ปใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(Fujisan ni nobotta koto ga arimasu.) โ€” I have climbed Mt. Fuji before.
  • ็€็‰ฉใ‚’็€ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(Kimono wo kita koto ga arimasu.) โ€” I have worn a kimono before.
  • ๆธฉๆณ‰ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(Onsen ni haitta koto ga arimasu.) โ€” I have been in a hot spring before.
  • ๆญŒ่ˆžไผŽใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(Kabuki wo mita koto ga arimasu.) โ€” I have seen kabuki before.
  • ๆ—ฅๆœฌ้…’ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(Nihonshu wo nonda koto ga arimasu.) โ€” I have drunk sake before.

ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ โ€” Have Never Done

Structure: Verb (ใŸ form) + ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“

Negative form โ€” replace ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ with ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.

  • ๅฏŒๅฃซๅฑฑใซ็™ปใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Fujisan ni nobotta koto ga arimasen.) โ€” I have never climbed Mt. Fuji.
  • ใ™ใ—ใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Sushi wo tabeta koto ga arimasen.) โ€” I have never eaten sushi.
  • ๆ—ฅๆœฌใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Nihon ni itta koto ga arimasen.) โ€” I have never been to Japan.

ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚๏ฝžใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ โ€” Not Even Once

Structure: ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ + Verb (ใŸ form) + ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“

ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ strengthens the negative โ€” it emphasises the experience has truly never occurred, not even once.

  • ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ๆธฉๆณ‰ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Ichido mo onsen ni haitta koto ga arimasen.) โ€” I have not been in a hot spring even once.
  • ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚็€็‰ฉใ‚’็€ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Ichido mo kimono wo kita koto ga arimasen.) โ€” I have never worn a kimono even once.

Question Form โ€” ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹

Structure: Verb (ใŸ form) + ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹

  • ๅฏŒๅฃซๅฑฑใซ็™ปใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚(Fujisan ni nobotta koto ga arimasu ka.) โ€” Have you ever climbed Mt. Fuji?
  • ๆ—ฅๆœฌ้…’ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚(Nihonshu wo nonda koto ga arimasu ka.) โ€” Have you ever drunk sake?
  • ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚/ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Hai, arimasu. / Iie, arimasen.) โ€” Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.

Short Answer Form

In natural conversation, ใ“ใจ is often dropped and speakers answer with just ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ / ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.

  • ๆญŒ่ˆžไผŽใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚(Kabuki wo mita koto ga arimasu ka.) โ€” Have you ever seen kabuki?
  • ใฏใ„ใ€ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(Hai, ichido arimasu.) โ€” Yes, once.
  • ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚(Iie, ichido mo arimasen.) โ€” No, not even once.

3. Learning Context

  • ใŸ form required: Unlike ใ‘ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ (which uses a noun), ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ attaches directly to the plain past (ใŸ) form of a verb.
  • Tense is always past: The verb before ใ“ใจ is always ใŸ form โ€” the experience happened in the past, even when the full sentence is in the present tense (ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™).
  • ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ only with negative: ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ must pair with ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ (or another negative). It never appears with ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
  • Contrast with ใ‘ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™: Both express experience, but Verb + ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ is more specific to one-time or counted experiences, while Noun + ใ‘ใ„ใ‘ใ‚“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ is used for ongoing or professional experience.
  • Short answers: Native speakers commonly say just ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ / ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ in response to ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ questions.

4. Progress Tracker

FieldDetail
Current LevelIntermediate B1
Chapter / TopicChapter 3: Experiences (ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™)
Completion~56% of Chapter 3
Latest Performance100% score (+15 Stars)