Reading about a marathon
1. Vocabulary List
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ใใฉใฝใณๅคงไผ๏ผใใใใ๏ผ | marason taikai | Marathon race / Marathon event |
| ใใ | yaku | Approximately / Around |
| ่ตฐใ๏ผใฏใใ๏ผ | hashiru | To run |
| ็ต้จ๏ผใใใใ๏ผ | keiken | Experience |
| ใฉใใฉใใใ | dokidoki suru | Heart pounding / Feel nervous |
| ๅฟ้ ๏ผใใใฑใ๏ผ | shinpai | Worry / Concern |
| ใณใผใน | koosu | Course / Route |
| ่ตฐใๆน๏ผใฏใใใใ๏ผ | hashirikata | Way of running / Running form |
| ่ใใ๏ผใใใใใ๏ผ | kangaeru | To think / To consider |
| ็ทด็ฟ๏ผใใใใ ใ๏ผ | renshuu | Practice |
| ้ ๅผตใ๏ผใใใฐใ๏ผ | ganbaru | To do one's best |
| ไฝใใใ๏ผใคใใใใ๏ผ | tsukurareru | To be built / To be made (passive) |
2. Reading โ The Marathon
Japanese text (kanji):
ๆฅ้ฑใฎๆฅๆๆฅใใใฉใฝใณๅคงไผใใใใพใใใใ42ใญใญใ่ตฐใใพใใไปใพใงใซใใฉใฝใณใฎใใใใใใชใใฎใงใใจใฆใใฉใใฉใใใฆใใพใใๅใ ใกใฏๆฅฝใใใใงใใใ็งใฏใกใใฃใจใใใฑใใงใใใใฉใฝใณใฎใณใผในใฏๅฎถใฎ่ฟใใซไฝใใใใฎใงใๆฏๆฅใใใ่ตฐใฃใฆใใพใใ่ตฐใๆนใ่ใใชใใใใ็ฟใใฆใใพใใ่ตฐใใใจใๅคงๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใใใใฐใใพใใ
Japanese text (hiragana):
ใใใใ ใใฎใซใกใใใณใใใฉใฝใณใใใใใใใใพใใใใ42ใญใญใใฏใใใพใใใใพใพใงใซใใฉใฝใณใฎใใใใใใชใใฎใงใใจใฆใใฉใใฉใใใฆใใพใใใจใใ ใกใฏใใฎใใใใงใใใใใใใฏใกใใฃใจใใใฑใใงใใใใฉใฝใณใฎใณใผในใฏใใใฎใกใใใซใคใใใใใฎใงใใพใใซใกใใใใฏใใฃใฆใใพใใใฏใใใใใใใใใใชใใใใใใ ใใใฆใใพใใใฏใใใใจใใ ใใใใชใฎใงใใใใฐใใพใใ
English translation:
There's a marathon next Sunday. We will run around 42 kilometres. I don't have any experience running marathons, so my heart is pounding nervously. My friend looks like she is having fun, but I am a bit worried. The marathon course has been set up near my house, so I run there every day. I think about how to run while I'm practising. I like running a lot, so I will do my best.
3. Grammar Points
ใใชใฎใง โ Because / Since
Structure: [clause] + ใชใฎใงใ[result]
- ใใฉใฝใณใฎใใใใใใชใใฎใงใใจใฆใใฉใใฉใใใฆใใพใใ(Marason no keiken ga nai no de, totemo dokidoki shite imasu.) โ I have no marathon experience, so my heart is pounding nervously.
- ใใฉใฝใณใฎใณใผในใฏๅฎถใฎ่ฟใใซไฝใใใใฎใงใๆฏๆฅใใใ่ตฐใฃใฆใใพใใ(Marason no koosu wa ie no chikaku ni tsukurareta no de, mainichi soko wo hashitte imasu.) โ Because the marathon course was set up near my house, I run there every day.
- ่ตฐใใใจใๅคงๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใใใใฐใใพใใ(Hashiru koto ga daisuki na no de, ganbarimasu.) โ Because I love running, I will do my best.
Passive in Natural Text
The passive ไฝใใใ (was built/set up) appears naturally mid-sentence as a subordinate clause โ not isolated, but connected with ใชใฎใง.
- ใใฉใฝใณใฎใณใผในใฏๅฎถใฎ่ฟใใซไฝใใใใ(Marason no koosu wa ie no chikaku ni tsukurareta.) โ The marathon course was set up near my house.
ใใใจใๅคงๅฅฝใ โ Nominalisation + Preference
Structure: Verb (dictionary) + ใใจใ + ๅคงๅฅฝใ๏ผๅฅฝใ๏ผใใใ
- ่ตฐใใใจใๅคงๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใใใใฐใใพใใ(Hashiru koto ga daisuki na no de, ganbarimasu.) โ Because I love running, I will do my best.
ใชใใ โ Simultaneous Actions (in text)
- ่ตฐใๆนใ่ใใชใใใใ็ฟใใฆใใพใใ(Hashirikata wo kangaenagara renshuu shite imasu.) โ I am practising while thinking about how to run.
4. Comprehension Notes
| Question | Answer | Key sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Has Yuki run marathons before? | No (False) | ไปใพใงใซใใฉใฝใณใฎใใใใใใชใ โ no experience at all |
| Is Yuki's heart pounding because she feels lonely? | No (False) | She is ใฉใใฉใ (nervous) and ใใใฑใ (worried), not ใใณใใ (lonely) |
| How far is the marathon? | Around 42 kilometres | ใใ42ใญใญใ่ตฐใใพใ |
| Where does Yuki train? | On the course near her house | ใใฉใฝใณใฎใณใผในใฏๅฎถใฎ่ฟใใซไฝใใใ |
5. Learning Context
- ใชใฎใง vs ใใ: Both express reason/cause. ใชใฎใง is slightly more formal/written; ใใ is more spoken/casual. In Yuki's text, ใชใฎใง appears three times โ natural for a first-person written narrative.
- ใฉใใฉใใใฆใใ: ใฉใใฉใ is an onomatopoeia for a racing heartbeat. Paired with ใใใฑใใงใ (worried), not ใใณใใ โ a comprehension trap in the exercises.
- ไฝใใใ in context: The passive here means "was set up / was created" โ the agent (who made the course) is omitted. This is the most common passive usage in Japanese: de-emphasising the agent.
- ใชใใ with ใใ็ฟ: ่ตฐใๆนใ่ใใชใใใใ็ฟใใฆใใ = practising while thinking about form. The ใชใใ action (่ใใ) is the background; ใใ็ฟใใ is the main activity.
- ใใ + number: ใใ (approximately) always precedes the number โ ใใ42ใญใญ, ใใ3ๆ้. Never follows.
- ่ตฐใใใจ vs ่ตฐใใฎ: Both nominalisations work, but ใใจใๅคงๅฅฝใ is the standard pattern for preference statements at B1 level.
6. Progress Tracker
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Current Level | Intermediate B1 |
| Chapter / Topic | Chapter 4: Profiles โ Reading a story: the marathon |
| Completion | ~100% of Chapter 4 |
| Latest Performance | 83% score (+10 Stars) |