Grammar: ๏ฝใใใใใงใใ โ Asking for Advice
1. Vocabulary List
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ่ชญใฟๆน๏ผใใฟใใ๏ผ | yomikata | way of reading; how to read |
| ใใคใใใใ | shitsumon suru | to ask a question |
| ๅๅผทใใ๏ผในใใใใใใ๏ผ | benkyล suru | to study |
| ๅใ ใก๏ผใจใใ ใก๏ผ | tomodachi | friends |
| ไฝใ๏ผใคใใ๏ผ | tsukuru | to make; to create |
2. Grammar Notes
๏ฝใใใใใงใใ โ "What / How should Iโฆ?"
To ask for advice on what or how to do something, use a question word + verb in ใ form + ใใใใงใใ.
- Structure:
[Question word]+ verb (ใ form) + ใใใใงใใ๏ผ
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ใฉใฎๆฌใไฝฟใฃใใใใใงใใใ | Dono hon wo tsukattara ii desu ka. | Which book should I use? |
| ๆผขๅญใฎ่ชญใฟๆนใฏใฉใใใฃใฆใใใใใใใใงใใใ | Kanji no yomikata wa dล yatte sagashitara ii desu ka. | How do I find the readings of kanji? |
| ใ ใใซใใคใใใใใใใใงใใใ | Dare ni shitsumon shitara ii desu ka. | Who should I ask? |
| ใฉใใใฃใฆๅ ็ใจ่ฉฑใใใใใใงใใใ | Dล yatte sensei to hanashitara ii desu ka. | How should I talk to my teacher? |
| ใฉใใใฃใฆๆฅๆฌไบบใฎๅใ ใกใไฝใฃใใใใใงใใใ | Dล yatte Nihonjin no tomodachi wo tsukuttara ii desu ka. | How do I make Japanese friends? |
| ๆฅๆฌ่ชใใฉใใใฃใฆๅๅผทใใฆใใพใใใ | Nihongo wo dล yatte benkyล shite imasu ka. | How do you study Japanese? |
Verb ใ form โ conjugation rules
The ใ form follows the same rules as the ใฆ form, but replaces ใฆ/ใง with ใ/ใ .
| Verb type | Rule | Example |
|---|---|---|
| U verb (ใ ending) | ใ โ ใใ | ่ฉฑใ โ ่ฉฑใใ, ใใใ โ ใใใใ |
| U verb (ใ ending) | ใ โ ใฃใ | ไฝฟใ โ ไฝฟใฃใ, ไฝใ* โ ไฝใฃใ |
| RU verb | ใ โ ใ | ้ฃในใ โ ้ฃในใ |
| Irregular | โ | ใใ โ ใใ, ใใ โ ใใ |
Watch out: ไฝใ ends in ใ but is a U verb โ its ใ form is ไฝใฃใ (not ไฝใ). Always check whether a ใ-ending verb is truly a RU verb or a U verb.
Verb examples from this lesson:
| Verb | Type | ใ form | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| ไฝฟใ | U verb | ไฝฟใฃใ | |
| ใใใ | U verb | ใใใใ | ใ โ ใใ |
| ่ฉฑใ | U verb | ่ฉฑใใ | ใ โ ใใ |
| ไฝใ | U verb | ไฝใฃใ | ends in ใ but is U verb |
| ใใคใใใใ | Irregular | ใใคใใใใ | ใใ โ ใใ |
3. Sentence Drill
| Japanese | Romaji | English |
|---|---|---|
| ๆฅๆฌ่ชใใฉใใใฃใฆๅๅผทใใฆใใพใใใ | Nihongo wo dล yatte benkyล shite imasu ka. | How do you study Japanese? |
| ใฉใฎๆฌใไฝฟใฃใใใใใงใใใ | Dono hon wo tsukattara ii desu ka. | Which book should I use? |
| ๆผขๅญใฎ่ชญใฟๆนใฏใฉใใใฃใฆใใใใใใใใงใใใ | Kanji no yomikata wa dล yatte sagashitara ii desu ka. | How do I find the readings of kanji? |
| ใ ใใซใใคใใใใใใใใงใใใ | Dare ni shitsumon shitara ii desu ka. | Who should I ask? |
| ใฉใใใฃใฆๅ ็ใจ่ฉฑใใใใใใงใใใ | Dล yatte sensei to hanashitara ii desu ka. | How should I talk to my teacher? |
| ใฉใใใฃใฆๆฅๆฌไบบใฎๅใ ใกใไฝใฃใใใใใงใใใ | Dล yatte Nihonjin no tomodachi wo tsukuttara ii desu ka. | How do I make Japanese friends? |
4. Learning Context
- Topic: Asking for advice using ๏ฝใใใใใงใใ; ใ form conjugation rules
- Key Grammar Pattern:
[question word]+ verb (ใ form) + ใใใใงใใ โ "What / How should Iโฆ?" - Verb conjugation focus:
- ใ ending U verbs: ใ โ ใใ (ใใใ โ ใใใใ, ่ฉฑใ โ ่ฉฑใใ)
- ใ ending U verbs: ใ โ ใฃใ (ไฝฟใ โ ไฝฟใฃใ)
- U verbs disguised as RU verbs: ไฝใ โ ไฝใฃใ
- Irregular: ใใคใใใใ โ ใใคใใใใ
5. Progress Tracker
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Current Level | Intermediate B1 |
| Chapter / Topic | Chapter 10 โ A new life in Japan |
| Completion | Section 10 of 11 |
| Latest Performance | 89% โ โ +10 stars |
| Key Grammar | [question word] + verb (ใ form) + ใใใใงใใ |